Air fryers have basically become the rockstars of the kitchen — strutting their stuff on countertops everywhere, crisping up everything from chicken wings to cauliflower like it’s their full-time job (which, let’s be honest, it is). With just a teeny-tiny splash of oil, they whip up crunchy goodness faster than you can say, “Deep fryer who?” They’re speedy, efficient and a dreamy way to dodge the grease puddles while still getting that oh-so-satisfying crunch.

But hey, even culinary superstars are prone to the occasional flop.

See, not all foods are ready to face the turbo-charged, whirlwind heat of the mighty air fryer. Some ingredients end up sad, shriveled, rubbery shadows of their former selves — or worse, torched to a crisp. The culprit? Moisture. Too little, and your food’s drier than your aunt’s Thanksgiving turkey. Too much, and it comes out rubbery or soggier than a wet sock.

That’s why I lovingly send some foods far, far away from the air fryer. Leafy greens? They try to escape midcook. Delicate fish? More like definite mess. And ultralean meats? They simply don’t have enough fat to withstand the air fryer’s intense heat. After way too many kitchen experiments gone awry, I’ve learned to keep these eight foods away from the fryer.

1. Lean pork chops

A perfectly cooked pork chop is a thing of beauty but leaner cuts of the other white meat can dry out in a hurry. Bacon, bone-in pork chops and fattier cuts of swine can handle the air fryer but lean, boneless pork chops and tenderloin tend to dry out when subjected to the blast of high heat. If you’re going to use the air fryer to cook pork chops, do so at a lower temperature and use some fat to keep things from getting too dry.

2. Spinach and leafy greens

Leafy greens are a big no when it comes to air-fryer cooking. The hot convection air will crisp most leafy greens such as spinach, kale and chard far beyond anything you’d want to eat. Solid veggies including Brussels sprouts, squash and zucchini fare well in the air fryer, but leafy greens are best when sautéed, stewed or steamed.

3. Steak and most cuts of beef

Steak reheats well in the air fryer, but it’s not an ideal place to cook it for the first time. Air fryer baskets get hot but not hot enough to give the outside of your steak a proper sear. I’ve tried cooking steaks in the air fryer before. Even fatty, forgiving steaks don’t come out as well compared to when they’re cooking on a hot plancha, cast-iron skillet sau grill.

The exception to the beef rule is burgers. Ground beef won’t get stringy and the air fryer’s intense heat allows you to get a crusty seer without overcooking the middle. Here’s how to make a bacon cheeseburger in the air fryer.

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4. Naked chicken breasts

Chicken wings, thighs and any bone-in pieces are perfect candidates for the air fryer. Boneless chicken breasts don’t have much fat and will dry out easily. Protect them with a little egg batter and breadcrumbs and you’ll be OK, but bare chicken breasts cooked in the air fryer often emerge dry or rubbery.

5. Large cuts of any meat

Large cuts of beef, pork and lamb typically do best when cooked with a low and slow method such as braising or smoking. Avoid the air fryer with its hot blast of convection air when cooking large cuts of meat and opt for the Dutch oven, slow cooker or pellet smoker.

6. Naked broccoli

If you wrap your broccoli in foil, you can use the air fryer to roast it (quickly). If you leave it uncovered and exposed to the hot convection air and you’ll end up with sizzled broccoli ends that are anything but delicious.

7. Shellfish

Shellfish such as clams and mussels need liquid to cook without drying out. They are also easily overcooked, which can lead to a chewy rubbery morsel that you don’t want anywhere near your plate. Avoid the air fryer when cooking most shellfish.

8. Most baked goods

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You can certainly do some baking in the air fryer but use caution since the air fryer’s super convection behaves differently than a normal oven’s convection heat. 

Baking a cake or batch of cookies in the air fryer using the time and temperature called for in a recipe will often result in an overcooked, dry or burnt dessert. When baking in an air fryer, use recipes that are specific to an air fryer and don’t assume an oven recipe will translate.

If you’re looking for a great air fryer, here are CNET’s top-rated models for 2025. For more, these are the best air-frying toaster ovens for 2025.